Awa tribe hunting12/2/2023 They are known as the “Guardians of the Forest”. In fighting the fire, indigenous groups are organized to monitor their territories. With much of the territory in flames, the strong presence of firefighting brigades, helicopters, airplanes, in addition to the presence of many non-indigenous, certainly affected the lives of isolated Guaja and could cause further trauma to their relationship with the non-indigenous society. It is occupied primarily by Guajajara and has confirmed presence of about 80 Awá-Guaja living in voluntary isolation. The loggers are singled out by the Brazilian Institute of environment and renewable natural resources (Ibama) as the main responsible for the beginning of the burn. In October 2015, the Araribóia indigenous land suffered a major fire which lasted the entire month. Illegal road on Awá indigenous area (photo: Fran Garcia). It carries all the knowledge of grass, zoo and toponymic, even the shamanic knowledge, once several forest animals have celestial correspondents”, says Uirá Garcia.Įven with the demarcation of indigenous lands in the region, the Awá-Guaja, today divided between recently contacted and isolated groups, are increasingly holing up on the various pressures on its territory, whether are they legal initiatives of infrastructure works and exploitation of natural resources or the various invasive ilegal fronts. A turned twig, a brand of a tree is already a trail for them. “The territory is cut by roads, many of them invisible to the outside. Hunting is the basis of social life and determines the pattern of traditional occupation of the territory. The Guajá people is primarily hunter and collector. Even in this period, they have established relationships with the surrounding populations, small farmers occupying the region. Before that, they lived through the woods of the Caru, Pindaré and Gurupi rivers, running away from the karaí (non-indigenous) and its “phlegm” – as they referred to the catarrh brought by them. “Ĭontacts with some Guaja groups date back to the late 1970. Their harakw á is the forest, where they know how to live, where they know how to walk. On these “places that I know” the Awá established relationships with plants, animals and other people, besides other beings inhabiting other levels of the cosmos, says Uirá Garcia, Member of the Centro de Estudos Ameríndios (CEstA/USP) and professor at the Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp). The Awá-Guajá territory is not set by the borders created by the non-indigenous national society, either by the notion of ownership of portions of land. Until recently, parts of the areas today cleared were occupied and called by the Awá-Guajá Indigenous People of harakwá or “place I know”. The great challenge to ensure the autonomy of isolated indigenous peoples that live there is to make the protection along with other State institutions, especially in the wood issue, “says Maria Gavião, substitute Coordinator of the Awá-Guaja Environmental Protection Front (FPEA/Funai). In the case of TIs Awá, Araribóia and Caru, through which pass hundreds of illegal roads, there are invasions on almost the entire area. “In the State of Maranhão, all indigenous lands suffer great pressure of the surroundings. Map of indigenous lands where the CTI project operates in Maranhão.
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